During National Library Week 2025 (April 6-12), the American Library Association released data documenting attempts to censor books and materials in public, school, and academic libraries during 2024. The data shows that the majority of book censorship attempts are now originating from organized movements. Pressure groups and government entities that include elected officials, board members, and administrators initiated 72% of demands to censor books in school and public libraries.
In 2024, there were 821 tracked attempts to censor library materials and services. Amongst those, 2,452 unique titles were challenged. This is a decrease in numbers from 2023, but the number of attempts is still greater than ever documented prior to 2020. ALA cites the following factors contributing to the decrease in documented censorship from 2023:
- Underreporting – Many book challenges are not publicly reported or covered by the press. In many cases, reporting censorship poses significant risk to a library worker’s professional livelihood and personal safety.
- Censorship by Exclusion – This occurs when library workers are prohibited from purchasing books, or required to place books in restricted or less accessible areas of the library due to fear of controversy.
- Legislative restrictions – Several states have passed laws restricting the type of materials available in libraries and schools based on the ideas or topics addressed in the materials. Many of these laws require school districts to restrict or remove library materials that are broadly deemed to include “sexual content” or controversial themes, resulting in the removal of books with literary or educational merit from school libraries that include LGBTQ+ characters or themes, or the removal of books about race or racism and featuring characters of color.